NAT: A Network Address Translation (NAT) is the process of mapping an internet protocol (IP) address to another by changing the header of IP packets while in transit via a router. This helps to improve security and decrease the number of IP addresses an organization needs.
Types of NAT
There are three types of NAT; Static NAT, Dynamic NAT and PAT. These types define how inside local IP address will be mapped with inside global IP address.
Static NAT
In this type we manually map each inside local IP address with inside global IP address. Since this type uses one to one mapping we need exactly same number of IP address on both sides.
Dynamic NAT
In this type we create a pool of inside global IP addresses and let the NAT device to map inside local IP address with the available outside global IP address from the pool automatically.
PAT
In this type a single inside global IP address is mapped with multiple inside local IP addresses using the source port address. This is also known as PAT (Port Address Translation) or NAT over load.
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